It is widely accepted that high quality child care enhances children's cognitive and social development, but some question if what constitutes quality care depends on the child's ethnic and cultural background. To examine this issue, secondary analysis of the two largest U.S. studies of child care - the Cost, Quality, and Outcomes Study and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care - examined if standard measures of child care quality were less reliable or valid for African-American and English-speaking Hispanic than for white children.