From the executive summary: "The majority of adolescents will engage in substance use (e.g., nicotine/tobacco, alcohol, cannabis) between the ages of 12-21. While most will not develop a substance use disorder (SUD), substance use of any kind during adolescence is concerning given the detrimental impact of substances on the developing brain. Moreover, for a subset of youth, substance use will become more frequent and problematic, leading to negative effects on their development, health, and well-being. The effects of substance use/misuse accumulate over time and significantly contribute to costly social, physical, mental, and public health problems. The development of SUDs, including opioid use disorders (OUDs) is often preceded by a variety of other problems including academic failure, antisocial behavior, anxiety, depression, and traumatic stress. These problems often arise due to environments within the home, school, or neighborhood that are unsafe, under-resourced, or otherwise harmful to social, academic, and behavioral development."